What polynucleotides are
In one sentence
Polynucleotides (PN) are highly purified, sterilised fragments of DNA derived from salmon sperm — biocompatible signalling molecules that activate fibroblasts and reduce oxidative stress in the tissue.
The salmon source is not arbitrary. Salmon DNA is genetically distant enough from human DNA that the body doesn’t recognise it as “self” (eliminating autoimmune concerns), but biochemically similar enough that the nucleotide signalling is meaningful. The DNA is fragmented to short lengths, purified to pharmaceutical grade, and supplied in injectable form.
How they work — the different mechanism
PN works through a fundamentally different mechanism from the microparticle biostimulators (Sculptra, Radiesse, Ellanse):
- Purinergic receptor engagement — the nucleotide fragments engage receptors on fibroblasts and other cells, signalling upregulation of collagen and elastin synthesis.
- Anti-oxidant activity — PN scavenges reactive oxygen species, reducing oxidative damage in the treated tissue.
- Hydration through hygroscopic effect — the molecules attract and hold water in the dermis.
- Anti-inflammatory modulation — PN tends to reduce local inflammation rather than provoke it (the opposite of how microparticle biostimulators work).
This combination is why PN is unusually well-tolerated and particularly suited to fragile tissue areas.
Where PN fits in a plan
Strongest indications:
- Under-eye fragility — where other biostimulators carry nodule risk. PN is the safer choice for the periorbital region.
- Post-laser or post-microneedling repair — accelerates healing and improves the quality of the regenerated skin.
- Sensitive or thin skin — patients who can’t tolerate the inflammatory effect of microparticle biostimulators.
- Maintenance between heavier treatments — a low-intensity intervention that holds skin quality between Sculptra or laser sessions.
- Patients who specifically want a regenerative approach without implanted material.
Where PN doesn’t fit:
- Volume needs (PN doesn’t add volume)
- Structural correction (use Radiesse or filler)
- Significant laxity (lasers or surgery)
Full coverage — the dedicated pillar
This overview is intentionally brief because polynucleotides have a dedicated pillar guide at La Clinica with full coverage of products, protocols, candidate selection, indications, and risks.
For the full deep dive
See the dedicated Polynucleotides Explained pillar — including specific products (Newest, Plinest, Mastelli, etc.), protocols by indication, and the under-eye chapter.
FAQ
Are polynucleotides safe? Salmon DNA sounds alarming.
Yes — PN has been used clinically for decades, originally in wound healing and joint repair. The DNA is highly purified, sterilised, and fragmented to short lengths. The salmon source is specifically chosen because it’s genetically distant enough from human DNA to avoid autoimmune concerns. Allergic reactions are very rare (excluding patients with known fish allergies).
How does PN compare to PRF?
Both are regenerative. PRF uses your own platelets and growth factors; PN uses signalling DNA fragments. PRF tends to have stronger effects for tissue repair; PN tends to be milder, more consistent, and better tolerated in delicate areas like the under-eye. Many plans use both.
How many sessions do I need?
Typically 3–4 sessions, 2–4 weeks apart, then maintenance every 4–6 months. The exact protocol varies by product and indication — see the dedicated PN pillar.
Can PN be combined with other biostimulators?
Yes — this is one of the strengths of PN. It can be combined with Sculptra, Radiesse, laser, microneedling, PRF, and HA filler. It tends to improve the result of other treatments rather than compete with them.
Wondering if polynucleotides fit your case?
A short consultation maps your concern (skin quality, under-eye, post-laser repair) to the right approach — PN or one of the alternatives. No commitment.